This does not take into account the fact that Chris had already lived in a hostile environment of a different kind. Both his father and mother worked and argued with each other constantly: "'I was always on Mom and Dad's case because they worked all the time and were never around'..." (Krakauer 129). They failed to give Chris and Carine, Chris' sister who he adored and loved dearly, a healthy environment in which to grow up. Critics may say that McCandless suffered from psychological problems caused by the abusive environment in which he grew up, but according to Joyful Heart Foundation “A child who has been abused can go on to have a healthy and productive life” (“Joyful Heart Foundation”). Chris's diaries and other writings indicate that he lived a rich and productive life: "I have lived a lot and now I think I have found what is needed to be happy" (Christopher McCandless). Chris would continue to hold a grudge against his father for continuing his affair with his first wife Marcia. Chris resented his father for his lies and immoral actions; direct evidence of why Chris rejects his parents' spirituality. In a letter to Carine, Chris said: “I will divorce them as parents once and for all and will never speak to any of those idiots again as long as I live. I will end them once and for all, forever” (Chris McCandless). Walter McCandless's actions were shameful and dishonorable, and Chris's abandonment of Chris can be justified by these actions and their consequences. Walter not only had a hypocritical attitude when it came to raising his children, but he also forced them to meet rigid and unforgivable expectations. I firmly believe that Chris' actions were motivated by some kind of revenge, and as Schadenfreude said, "If someone enjoys the misfortune of others, then there is something