Calculus "One of the major contributions to modern mathematics, science, and engineering was the invention of calculus in the late 17th century," states The New Book of Popular Science. Without the invention of calculus, many technological achievements, such as the moon landing, would have been difficult. The word "calculus" comes from the Latin word meaning pebble. This is probably due to the fact that many years ago people used pebbles to count and solve arithmetic problems. The two people who made enormous contributions to the discovery of the theorems of calculus were Sir Isaac Newton of England and Baron Gottfried Wilhelm of Germany. They discovered these theorems during the 17th century, within a few years of each other. Isaac Newton was considered one of the greatest physicists of all time. He applied calculus to his theories of motion and gravitational attraction. He managed to discover a function and mathematically describe the motion of all objects in the universe. Calculus was invented to help solve problems dealing with "changing or variable" quantities. Infinitesimal calculus is considered "mathematics of change". There are some basic or general parts of calculus. Some of these are functions, derivatives, antiderivatives, sequences, integral functions and multivariate calculus. Some believe that calculus is too difficult or impossible to learn without a lot of memorization, but if you think that calculus is all about memorizing, you won't get the point of learning....