Procrastination is the act of putting off doing things to a later time or date for no particular reason. For the person experiencing procrastination it can be functional or dysfunctional depending on the degree of the behavior (qtd. in Sweitzer 11). A person who procrastinates must realize that he has a problem and find effective ways to overcome procrastination because he is putting his health, family and job at risk. According to Joseph Ferrari, a psychology professor at DePaul University, twenty percent of people realize they are chronic procrastinators, which for them is a way of life. Some procrastinators are not born but pick up the behavior from family members (12). There are various reasons why people procrastinate. Some people procrastinate because they are afraid of failure, have poor time management, run away from things that seem difficult or unpleasant, feel depressed or guilty, and fear being judged by others. Some believe that procrastination is caused by laziness or a lack of discipline, but Gard, a writer for Current Health 2, disagrees, saying there are perfectionists who often procrastinate. For example, a perfectionist may put off writing an assignment until the night before it is due and then make an excuse if it gets a less than perfect grade, “I did it quickly” (22). For example, some philosophers and scientists, such as Aristotle and Einstein, "wondered whether time existed if people were not present to create it", and Einstein "believed that time was a confusion in which past, present and future were mere illusions " (qtd. in deWaal). Some people don't realize they are procrastinators due to certain personality disorders. A personality disorder called passive-aggressive is “chr...... middle of paper ......u.edu>.Moore, D.P., and J.W. Jefferson. Manual of medical psychiatry. 2nd ed.nd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2004. ch14. University of Tennessee Women's and Children's Health Medical Center. Network. December 5, 2009. "Procrastination - Time Management Training." Procrastination of mental tools. Np, 2009. Web.6 December 2009. .Sweitzer, Nancy G. “Overcoming Academic Procrastination in Higher Education.” Bachelor's thesis/Master's thesis. Np: 1999. 11., State University. Eric. Network. December 6, 2009. .deWaal, Mandy. “Procrastination: Why You Do It and What to Do Now.” ITWeb, 10 July 2009. Web. 6 December. 2009. .