Roger Crisp argues in Utilitarianism and Vegetarianism that humans are morally obligated to eat meat (Soifer, 35). According to Roger Crisp, vegetarianism is an immoral act; we are morally obliged to eat meat as long as the meat does not come from intensive farming (Soifer, 35-36). Crisp believes we can eat non-intensively raised animals, as long as they live a pleasant life. However, he states: “This is not the case with factory farming” (Soifer, 35). Factory farming involves the brutal killing of more animals to create food for humans. The treatment an animal will suffer on factory farms is morally questionable; it is these types of actions that lead humans to the idea of ​​vegetarianism. Crisp's definition of vegetarianism is "it is morally required to abstain from meat." Use this definition to distinguish vegetarianism from the compromise-permission view, otherwise known as CP. CP states that “it is morally required to abstain from the meat of intensively raised animals, but it is permissible to eat the meat of some non-intensively raised animals” (Crisp, 36). Substitutability is an important aspect to address in non-intensively raised animals as it restores animals to the carnivorous industry. Through further analysis, I will evaluate Crisp's many arguments against vegetarianism from the perspective of the rights and freedoms of nonhuman animals, evaluating Crisp's response to arguments based on the hypothesis of human and animal suffering. I will first define animal rights according to The Rights of Animals and Unborn Generations, by Joel Feinberg, which determines the characteristics necessary to have these rights. Secondly, I will consider the "Murder Argument" and the "Argument... half of the paper... are needed in society not only for the economy, but for one's own pleasure." lives and the lives of human beings. Works Cited Crisp, Roger (1988). Utilitarianism and vegetarianism. International Journal of Applied Philosophy 4(1): 41-49. Feinberg, Joel. Rights, Justice, and the Limits of Freedom: Essays in Social Philosophy "The Rights of Animals and of Unborn Generations," Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980, 159-84. Essay.Phillips, John-Otto. "Legal Theory, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and Mill's Harm Principle." Philosophy: law and society. Chester New Hall, Hamilton, ON. January 10, 2011. Lecture.Soifer, Eldon. Ethical issues: Perspective for Canadians. 3rd. Toronto, ON: Broadview Press, 2009. 35-43. Print.Soifer, Eldon. Ethical issues: Perspective for Canadians. 3rd. Toronto, ON: Broadview Press, 2009. 9-14. Press.