Soil SalinityIntroductionThere are many serious aboitic stresses that threaten our environment and affect humans in many ways. One of these major biotic stresses that is a major problem in many areas of the world and also in Australia is soil salinity. Soil salinity is defined as the content of soluble salt in water or soil in arid areas. Such areas have inadequate rainfall or drainage to remove salt from the soil so that plants are not affected. There are two main types of soil salinity. Primary and secondary salinity of soil, primary salinity is that the land or soil was saline even before human settlement. So it's geological; however, secondary soil salinity was caused by human agricultural activities, bringing the water table closer to the surface which affected the soil. Therefore the secondary salinity of the land is the result of agricultural activities. In most cases it has been challenging to determine that a particular saline area or site symbolizes secondary or primary salinity. This is because primary salinity has expanded due to human agricultural activities. This has led to huge problems, so in recent decades scientists have tried many techniques to reduce soil salinity, such as developing salinity-resistant plants. Cause of soil salinity Primary salinity is the production of natural processes such as wind blowing, rock erosion and rain which deposits salt on the soil. thousands of years. (Australian Government, Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communications (NOV 2012). According to many studies, in Australia salt was naturally distributed unevenly across the country before settlement Europeans and its patterns or impact... ... half of the article ...... losses and damages induced by the agricultural community in coastal areas of Bangladesh”4- Hu Shujun, Shen Yanjun, Chen Uiulong, Gan Yongde , Wang Xinfan (DEC 2013) “Effects of saline water drip irrigation on soil salinity and cotton growth in an oasis field”. ,Matthew Gilliham, Deepa Jha,Gwenda M. Mayo,Stuart J. Roy,b ,Juliet C. Coates,a, Jim Haseloff and Mark Testerb (2009), the plant cell, Vol 21, pp: 2163–21786- Juan Herrero , Wayne H. Hudnall (2014) “Measuring soil salinity using electromagnetic induction in a rice field with a dense catchment and a shallow water table” pp: 263–274 DOI, 12, DIO: 10.1007/s10333-013-0371 -5- 5- -7- Moosa Mahmood Sedibe, Zenzile Peter Khetsha, Ntsoaki Malebo (2013 ) “Effects of salinity on the external and internal morphology of rose geranium leaf (Pelargonium graveolensL.)” ISSN:1097-8135