Are the challenges military commanders face in the contemporary operational environment more complex than ever? The earliest battle date considered was the Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC involving approximately 5,000 to 6,000 chariots between Ramesses II of the Empire of Egypt and Muwatalli II of the Hittite Empire. The Battle of Kadesh took place in the city of Kadesh on the Orontes River, what is today adjacent to the modern village of Tell al-Nabi Mando in western Syria. This is the first time in the history of humanity that subtle elements of warfare and strategies are known. Since the Battle of Kadesh, history has seen numerous changes in major conflicts. The evolution of space and time, education and social and political strata have driven changes in conflicts and wars. Over the years following the Battle of Kadesh, military strategies and warfare, the operational environment, and the causes of war have evolved. From the Legions of the Roman Empire to the Airborne Infantry of World War II, the tangible threat of the Soviet Union and recently the War in Afghanistan, the War in Iraq, the War in Somalia and the Gaza War have imposed amorphous, ever-changing and ill-defined threats and challenges of the situation. The current operating environment is no longer tangible. Many military and defense organizations have conducted studies to address the emerging threat existing in the new contemporary environment. Brunei's 2004 Strategic Plan emphasized adopting a holistic approach in order to mitigate the complexity and uncertainty of current and future threats. The strategic plan emphasizes the importance of integration and interoperability among government stakeholders to address emerging threats. This shows that Brunei D...... center of paper ...... is first in the contemporary operating environment. A monograph. 2012. p 518. Spira, Jonathan B. Information overload: We have met the enemy and he is us. BASEX. 2007, p.519. UK Ministry of Defence, UK Glossary of Joint and Multinational Terms and Definitions, (Joint Doctrine Publication 0-01.1, Edition 7, June 2006). pC-820. U.S. Army Field Manual 34-130 Battlefield Intelligence Preparation (Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army, 8 July 1994), p 1-121. Army 3 2003) MCRP 5-12A http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/call/call_02-8_ch1.htm22. US Army Field Manual 2-01. (Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army 3 2003), p 35723. United States Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca, Intelligence Officer's Handbook, (Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army, 2004), p 2-1.