The end of the geometric period led to the beginning of the orientalizing period, dated between 700 and 600 BC. During this time, the Greeks introduced a new innovation, the peripteral temple. Many years earlier, inside, a row of colonnades was used primarily to support the roof of the building. Instead, columns are used on the exterior, creating a visual wall around the building exposing parts of the interior. The megaron style existed in the temple, taken from the houses of the Bronze Age. It was also in the Eastern influenced period that the first true stone temples arose and terracotta roof tiles came into existence to support the weight of these new stone temples. The population grew dramatically, introducing new techniques and styles, which merged to form designs with balance and symmetry. It was during this period that two important Greek designs were developed, the Ionic and Doric orders. (Pedley, 2012: pg. 180) The Doric order, being the first and simplest, consisted of baseless columns placed next to each other as the Greeks did not know how much weight the shortened columns could support. The reason for this was the lack of length as the columns were believed to hold less weight and were therefore forced to be placed closer together. This close arrangement created a very bold statement in the Doric temple. The capital, which sat atop the concave shaft, was left simple but, when grouped with others, suggested a bold harmony. In contrast, the Ionic order was less cumbersome and more delicate than the Doric order. The top of the capital is decorated with two volutes, also called volutes, which could resemble a shell or animal horns. Above the capital, there was a surrounding frieze depicting...... in the center of the card ......h DS Lapatin. Ancient Greece: art, architecture and history. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 2004. Fyfe, Theodore. Hellenistic architecture; an introductory study. Cambridge: UP, 1936.Martin, Roland. Greek architecture. Milan: Electaarchitettura, 2003.Neils, Jenifer. The Parthenon: from antiquity to the present. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge UP, 2005.Pedley, John, G. Greek Art and Archaeology. Fifth edition. New Jersey: Pearson, 2012. Robertson, D.S. Greek and Roman Architecture. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1969.Scully, Vincent. Architecture: the natural and the artificial. New York: St. Martin's, 1991. Shuter, Jane. The acropolis. Chicago, IL: Heinemann Library, 2000. Taylor, William. Greek architecture. New York: John Day, 1971. Tzonis, Alexander, and Phoebi Giannisi. Classical Greek Architecture: The Construction of the Modern. Paris: Flammarion, 2004.
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