I will first start by looking at what the family was like in the years of the industrial revolution and how education was shaped and changed in this period. Secondly, I will look at post-war immigration and how education was implicated due to the introduction of new cultures. Citizenship courses have been introduced to deal with the changes and I will explain why some parents disagree with them. Third, I will talk about the different types of families in modern society, looking at how education has not only changed in schools, but has also been linked to home and parental education in some aspects of family life. I will look specifically at single parent families and how it has been reported that these children are already at a disadvantage in education if they come from this type of family. In the nineteenth century, family structure was shaped by the industrial revolution. It spread across Britain and there was a massive increase in the number of factories. As the number of factories increased, people moved from the countryside to the cities in search of better-paying jobs. The cities were not ready for this large increase in population and the homes were very overcrowded. The rooms were rented to entire families. The family size at that time was between six and twelve children and they all slept and fed in one room. Muncie et al (1993) cited that Smith (1986: page 18) showed that in 1860 the average marriage produced seven children. The family who lived in one room also included grandparents, this is known as an extended family. The grandparents lived and were cared for by the family because they were a precious resource, as caregivers. "Relatives were an important source of help in 'critical life situations', for example...... half of the paper ...... material disadvantage explains the increased risk of poor outcomes in ​​terms of health, education and behavior among children in lone parent families in Great Britain?" J Epidemiol Community Health, 59 pages 152-157 (online). Available at www.ncbi.nlm.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1733007/pdf/v059p00152.pdf (Accessed: March 21, 2011). Stubbs, M. (1976) Language, schools and classrooms: contemporary sociology of schooling. 2nd ed. London; Methuen & Co Ltd.Teachers Net (2009) Active Citizenship. Available at www.teachersnet.gov.uk/teachingandlearning/library/activecitizens/ (Accessed: 21 March 2011).West, E. (2010) 'Citizenship classes are propaganda. Why can't parents take their children away from them?', The Telegraph, 22 January (Online). Available at www.blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/edwest/100023344/citizenship-classes-are-propaganda-why-can't-parents-take-ir-children-out-of-them/