Note: this article contains a very long annotated bibliography. In recent years, same-sex relationships have become more prevalent in U.S. society. State legislation is changing, such as accepting gay marriage, enforcing anti-discrimination laws, and legal gay adoptions; the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community is going public. Families with gay heads, like heterosexual ones, are different and vary in different forms. Whether a family created through previous heterosexual relationships, artificial insemination, or adoption, it deserves the same legal rights that heterosexual families enjoy. Full adoption rights must be legalized in all states to ensure a stable family life for children because sexual orientation does not determine parenting ability, children placed with homosexual parents enjoy better well-being than those in foster care and there are thousands of children waiting for good homes. The argument that sexual orientation interferes with parenting abilities is a common belief that Charlotte J. Patterson identifies as a myth in her work, Lesbian and Gay Parents and their Children, suggesting the belief that "lesbians' and gay men's relationships with sexual partners" leave little time for ongoing parent-child interactions. In Who's Mom Tonight? case study, how 18 lesbian adoptive parents, 49 lesbian parents who formed their families biologically and 44 heterosexual adoptive parents experience and perceive their parental role, how they respond when their children seek them or their partner for special education and how parents negotiate the cultural expectation of a primary caregiver is examined (Ciano-Boyce & Shelley-Sireci, 2002). The empirical data found suggests that lesbian-parented couples were more equal...... half of the article ......dfThis study examined associations between family type (same-sex parents vs. parents of opposite sex); family and relational variables; and psychosocial adjustment, academic achievement, and romantic attractions and behaviors of adolescents. Participants included 44 adolescents aged 12 to 18 who were parents of same-sex couples and 44 adolescents of the same age who were parents of opposite-sex couples, matched on demographic characteristics and drawn from a national sample. Normative analyzes indicated that, in terms of measures of psychosocial adjustment and academic achievement, adolescents functioned well and their adjustment was not generally associated with family type. Ratings of romantic relationships and sexual behavior were not associated with family type. Regardless of family type, adolescents whose parents described closer relationships with them reported better school adjustment.