Archaeology of Southern Abydos The late Middle Kingdom settled a city within Egypt called Microcosm, whose microcosms were located just south of Abydos. In Microcosm architectural and social engineering took place over 3,850 years ago in southern Egypt. There are scary burial sites all over Egypt, in the south of Abydos. Abydos was the first burial place of the early Egyptian pharaohs and a religious center for the god Osiris. Osiris was called the God of the dead and the ruler of the underworld. Osiris saw the construction of a royal morgue with the complex name, Enduring-Are-the-Places-of-Khakure-True-of-Voice-in-Abydos. The construction of the royal morgue was dedicated to the fifth pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt, called Khahaure Senwosret III (ca.1871-1841 BC). Construction took place on virgin land south of the traditional center of Abydos. The southern part of ancient Egypt known as Abydos had an impact on Egyptian civilization. Geographically, Abydos was located five hundred kilometers south of Cairo, on the outskirts of Egypt, just fifteen kilometers west of the Nile. Before 3000 BC, during the Presynaptic Period Abydos served as a cemetery city for the succession of regional rulers. The necropolis at the time was a burial place for that of the first dynasty pharaoh and two of the second dynasty of Egypt. Their graves rest in the capital of Thinis during the Presynaptic Period. The canine god called Khentamentiu protected the royal cemetery. Over time Thinis and Abydos disappeared as the new capital Memphis was founded around 3000 BC Although Memphis was the new capital of Abydos. Abydos grew in religious terms to the royal necropolis. Towards the end of the Old Kingdom (2200 BC)...... middle of the sheet ...... side and outside with carved scenes and inscriptions relating to the two pharaohs and the afterlife. Unfortunately, over time, the temple site has faded, leaving only the foundations and fragments of its original architecture. In relief to rebuild the temple bringing it back to its original appearance. Although the Middle Kingdom was often identified with the Classical Age, Dynasties Eleven, Twelve, and Thirteen were known as the archeology of this time period. Traditionally the Middle Kingdom was less prominent in the public eye than Egypt's Old or New Kingdom. Buildings and monuments were instead erected during the Middle Kingdom; they were destroyed by the New Kingdom. Over time, the Egyptians in the cities of ancient Egypt viewed their pharaohs as gods. After the death of Osiris and the other major gods and pharaohs, the Egyptians continued to respect their pharaohs and gods.