Conformity is a word that most people are familiar with, but it's harder to answer what it really is and what it means. In 1991, Zimbardo and Leippe defined it as: “A change in beliefs or behavior in response to real or imagined group pressure when there is no direct demand to conform to the group nor any reason to justify the change in behavior” (Gross , 2010, p401). Conformity and obedience are both partly the result of social influence. The key difference is that while obedience follows direct instruction (usually from an authority figure), conformity is more passive and caused by the influence of others, to conform to group norms. Deutsch and Gerard (1955), highlighted two types of conformity, “informative social influence” and “normative social influence” (Gross, 2010, p406). The difference between the two is our reason for conforming. “Informative” is caused by people's uncertainty about the reality of something and perceiving other people's information as fact. While “normative” is the influence to conform to the expectations of others within our reference groups or belonging, through the need for acceptance or approval, even if in private one holds a different vision (Hogg & Vaughan, 2011) . conformity studies, Jenness's (1932) “beans in a Bottle” study, in which subjects were asked to guess the number of beans, first alone, then in a group, and then alone again. This showed how public opinion could differ from private opinion, and how private opinion fluctuated depending on the opinion of the group (Hill, 1998). This was further demonstrated by Sherif (1935), in his experiment on the autokinetic effect, in which a subject judged how far away a point of light was... in the center of the paper... intelligent people, in order to assert something, clearly know they are wrong, Crutchfield's work went further, showing that it did not matter, regarding the location of the group, but only the meaning of the group's decision. However, these studies may commit a form of conformity bias as they focus only on the influence of the majority and overlook the possibility that the minority may also be able to influence the group. On the other hand, these studies also show us the importance of non-compliance: the Asch and Crutchfield online test showed an average compliance rate of less than 35%, which effectively means that more than half did not comply . So, in summary, conformity is something that has always been an integral part of society as it allows people to live together in harmony, but the ability to think freely and accept the point of view of others is the driving force of society and of social change..
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