1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South. With Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin in 1793, cotton became very profitable. This machine was able to reduce the time needed to separate seeds from cotton. However, at the same time, the increase in the number of plantations willing to switch from other crops to cotton resulted in a greater need for a large amount of cheap labor, i.e. slaves. The Southern economy thus became a monoculture economy, dependent on cotton and therefore slavery. On the other hand, the Northern economy was based more on industry than agriculture. In fact, northern industries purchased raw cotton and transformed it into finished products. This disparity between the two has created a big difference in economic attitudes. The South was based on the plantation system while the North was focused on city life. This change in the North caused society to evolve as people of different cultures and classes had to work together. On the other hand, the South continued to maintain an antiquated social order.2. States vs. Feds ...